Prof. Dr. Fadila Salman Dawood, a professor in the Department of Industrial Administration, College of Administration and Economics, University of Baghdad, in partnership with the professor Asrar Abdul Zahra, recently issued a book entitled (Human Resources Management under Civil Service Legislation). The book, which is written in an interesting and fascinating style, outlines the history of the civil service before the establishment of functional rule in Iraq and the definition of the concept of civil service and military service, and the most important similarities and differences between them.